{"id":82539,"date":"2026-08-18T21:30:40","date_gmt":"2026-08-18T17:30:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sheniekimi.ge\/ambebi\/?p=82539"},"modified":"2026-08-18T16:17:01","modified_gmt":"2026-08-18T12:17:01","slug":"%e1%83%a0%e1%83%9d%e1%83%92%e1%83%9d%e1%83%a0-%e1%83%92%e1%83%90%e1%83%95%e1%83%98%e1%83%92%e1%83%9d-%e1%83%a3%e1%83%a1%e1%83%90%e1%83%a4%e1%83%a0%e1%83%97%e1%83%ae%e1%83%9d%e1%83%90-%e1%83%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sheniekimi.ge\/ambebi\/%e1%83%a0%e1%83%9d%e1%83%92%e1%83%9d%e1%83%a0-%e1%83%92%e1%83%90%e1%83%95%e1%83%98%e1%83%92%e1%83%9d-%e1%83%a3%e1%83%a1%e1%83%90%e1%83%a4%e1%83%a0%e1%83%97%e1%83%ae%e1%83%9d%e1%83%90-%e1%83%97\/","title":{"rendered":"\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d2\u10dd, \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8? \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd? \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1? &#8211; \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10e3\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u2014 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8<a href=\"https:\/\/sheniekimi.ge\/ambebi\/?s=%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1<\/a> \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/strong> \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10db \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8<a href=\"https:\/\/publichealth.ge\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/sheniekimi.ge\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1<\/a> \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da \u10ef\u10d0\u10ed\u10d5\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u2014 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4. \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 2026 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10e1 [1]. (<a title=\"Guidelines for drinking-water quality: fourth edition incorporating the first, second and third addenda\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240121225?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">World Health Organization<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d0. \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10d0\u10dc \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1. \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd \u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc [2,3]. (<a title=\"No safe level: act now to end lead exposure\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/17-10-2025-no-safe-level--act-now-to-end-lead-exposure?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">World Health Organization<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10db \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10f0\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10da \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d9\u10d8\u10d1\u10dd\u10e1. \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e9\u10dc\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d6\u10e6\u10e3\u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd [4,5]. (<a title=\"Microplastics in drinking-water\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications-detail-redirect\/9789241516198?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">World Health Organization<\/a>)<\/p>\n<h2>\u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0<\/h2>\n<p>\u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0. \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1. \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e1 \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1, \u10d2\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10e3\u10dc\u10e1. \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d0 [2,6]. (<a title=\"Sources of Lead in Drinking Water (Text Only) | US EPA\" href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/ground-water-and-drinking-water\/sources-lead-drinking-water-text-only?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">US EPA<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10dd\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd [2,6]. (<a title=\"Sources of Lead in Drinking Water (Text Only) | US EPA\" href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/ground-water-and-drinking-water\/sources-lead-drinking-water-text-only?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">US EPA<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d7\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea [7]. (<a title=\"Guidance on Sampling and Mitigation Measures for Controlling Lead Corrosion - Canada.ca\" href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/publications\/healthy-living\/guidance-controlling-corrosion-drinking-water-distribution-systems.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Canada<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4, \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0 \u201e\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u201c \u10d0\u10dc \u201e\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u201c \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3. \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d0, \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10df\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/nRyR8IMwmqoXlUvYGMKnqhSOTsDslMguuwGDBMTo6BMKw6Vu0xhXCgjjdD8fHk6yQI5cAY56jjxR18bJoAXG4afzCG83kXzbQVuDq-4sH20KdgynVNGd7tRB_o6HyZ5Anx5TET9mwJjAzGQ4xWEGJZ9anPj7_JfIMdzbPzb-JXiJYXt1fYoNrSV6-Ipjh4Gi?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/ZteYRNC3x0gCukXFuuJeaxvmL3rjA2SNGkAFZhMB_taSu9KlTTDj0WNxxqrZoYW4f7ZOtf1pPAKg8q6nudj7RFnngJgl8jxjeIpM_Y3IVednclyxpjg18cPsXoPnVIUbKWQGTWslBpM5o2rV_meb1anKpmQBFjgyBQ_fJRcysr80ghLR3-ink0OIRIHbu-dK?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/1sLi5svpBiSSE_9mSovC4M7ryB974Fc4I5FSX3of_mT1B7CZ-7J0F-Me48huvszb9dw7noAsCBUcAn3FK4dF6WZT_-SnUeURlY-W1G-QdcAgBKgxXz6Rjzo7wLW7M0SlTfE1ltNV5aW7EFruAj8T_KIqy9jFru2tB21Uv0q5DoTg0R2VxidaF9hzzqo09q1b?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/dj_y-nKR_G6WRvCYSqz7hg1yNI6VYtPUMEKbFonAan7L9oFtA09UFwfxLKFZAfjlVqjBypXj2dSramgamqMIX4u6V_fbpPX2k4SIg5JDIhm1iyFnVzuObh1nj7mORZnAcRQjERvTxidu6CWHbdLxlAdqO2IrgBDeS1-0qGlywkcoXpygRqDqT4IpoaRCE4ew?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/lwHln0CtdulWdMknq3ArqZTaPKrZjqAUXduaC1YO43aG6ShOAivc-NLw51Ghg-KLug559aok6VCLFi-vvBuPRDZJo7H_2eTHfIk6MrgmWFG_AC010jQSX4hZoUofI455a5pXFTdSm1t66E6mKfzQJVN-yWrFYJg6I5Juzg-oIzqCTrFYhOX-9DBxolgTMqGN?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8<\/h2>\n<p>\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc \u10ee\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1. \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10df\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d8 [2,6]. (<a title=\"Lead in Drinking Water | US EPA\" href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/lead\/lead-drinking-water?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">US EPA<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8. \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1. \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d0 [3]. (<a title=\"No safe level: act now to end lead exposure\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/17-10-2025-no-safe-level--act-now-to-end-lead-exposure?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">World Health Organization<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0. \u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10df\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10dd\u10e1. \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 2 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10e1 \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 [8]. (<a title=\"Table 8.1, WHO guideline values for drinking-water quality: chemical contaminants I - WHO Housing and Health Guidelines - NCBI Bookshelf\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK535301\/table\/ch8.tab1\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">NCBI<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u201e\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10d0\u201c \u10d0\u10dc \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d7\u10d8\u10e0\u10d9\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1. \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4, \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d0. \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10dd\u10d0 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 [7]. (<a title=\"Lead Release to Drinking Water from Galvanized Steel Pipe Coatings - Brandi N. Clark, Sheldon Vaughn Masters, Marc A. Edwards, 2015\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/ees.2015.0073?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Sage Journals<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0 \u201e\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u201c \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0 \u10d8\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10f0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10e1, \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1 [9,10]. (<a title=\"Delegated regulation - EU - 2024\/370 - EN - EUR-Lex\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg_del\/2024\/370?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Eur-Lex<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10db \u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 PE100-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8\u10ea. PE100 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u201e\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u201c. \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 PE100 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10d7 [11]. (<a title=\"Listing Category Search Page | NSF International\" href=\"https:\/\/info.nsf.org\/Certified\/Plumbing\/Listings.asp?MaterialType=PE&amp;utm_source=chatgpt.com\">NSF<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10da \u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10de\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da \u10db\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da <a href=\"https:\/\/polimeri1.ge\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u201e\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 1\u201c-\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea<\/a>, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10dd \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4. \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 50\u201355-\u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10da\u10e3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d7 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 PE100 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 [12]. (<a title=\"\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 1\" href=\"https:\/\/polimeri1.ge\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">polimeri1.ge<\/a>)<\/p>\n<h2>\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/h2>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, 2025 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 72.8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8, \u10d0\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 2.87 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 [13]. (<a title=\"NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE OF GEORGIA\" href=\"https:\/\/www.geostat.ge\/media\/80723\/Survey-of-Water-Supply_Enterprises---%282025%29.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Geostat<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 64.4 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd [14]. \u10d4\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d8\u10e4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. (<a title=\"\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\" href=\"https:\/\/environment.geostat.ge\/ge\/water\/supplyAndLosses?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">environment.geostat.ge<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10e8\u10d8, \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 [15]. (<a title=\"\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\" href=\"https:\/\/water.gov.ge\/news\/full\/9113?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">water.gov.ge<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 2014 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 15 \u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u211658 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 [16]. (<a title=\"\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 | \u10e1\u10e1\u10d8\u10de \u201d\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10dc\u10d4\u201d\" href=\"https:\/\/matsne.gov.ge\/ka\/document\/view\/2196792?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10e1\u10e1\u10d8\u10de \u201d\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10dc\u10d4\u201d<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d4\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da \u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8. \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8, \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1.<\/p>\n<h2>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/h2>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1. \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u2014 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 [1]. (<a title=\"Guidelines for drinking-water quality: fourth edition incorporating the first, second and third addenda\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240121225?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">World Health Organization<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d7\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd\u10dc \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc [9,10]. (<a title=\"Drinking water \u2014 essential quality standards | EUR-Lex\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=legissum%3A4499769&amp;utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Eur-Lex<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dc \u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10e1 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e1 [2,6]. \u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d4\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d6\u10d4 [6]. (<a title=\"Lead in Drinking Water | US EPA\" href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/lead\/lead-drinking-water?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">US EPA<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10de\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0. \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1. \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8, \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10e1 [4,5]. (<a title=\"Microplastics in drinking-water\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications-detail-redirect\/9789241516198?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">World Health Organization<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10db\u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3, \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8, \u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n<h2>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8<\/h2>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10dd\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d5\u10ee\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10de\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10ef\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8: \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d7\u10e3 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10dd\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e8\u10d8, \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d0\u10d5\u10d6\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 [16]. (<a title=\"\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\" href=\"https:\/\/water.gov.ge\/page\/full\/20?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">water.gov.ge<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3 \u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d7\u10e3 \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8, \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gmj.ge\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd \u10e1\u10d8\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1<\/a>, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.publichealth.ge\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Public Health Georgia-\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4<\/a>, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d5\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.certificate.ge\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Certificate.ge-\u10d6\u10d4<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sheniekimi.ge\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">SheniEkimi.ge-\u10d6\u10d4<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/h2>\n<p>\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8: \u10d7\u10e3 \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d0, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0: \u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1, \u10e1\u10e3\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10ee\u10e1 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 [2,6].<\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8: \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0: \u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d8, \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8, \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10f0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10f0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 [9,10].<\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8: PE100-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0: PE100 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10d7 [11]. (<a title=\"Listing Category Search Page | NSF International\" href=\"https:\/\/info.nsf.org\/Certified\/Plumbing\/Listings.asp?MaterialType=PE&amp;utm_source=chatgpt.com\">NSF<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8: \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10e1\u10d8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0: \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d6-\u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1. \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d6\u10e6\u10e3\u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 [4,5]. (<a title=\"Microplastics in drinking-water\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications-detail-redirect\/9789241516198?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">World Health Organization<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8: \u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0: \u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10dd\u10e1. \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 [8]. (<a title=\"Table 8.1, WHO guideline values for drinking-water quality: chemical contaminants I - WHO Housing and Health Guidelines - NCBI Bookshelf\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK535301\/table\/ch8.tab1\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">NCBI<\/a>)<\/p>\n<h2>\u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 (Q&amp;A)<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d2\u10dd, \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d4\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d6\u10d4, \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10ee\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8. \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10ee. \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 [2,6]. (<a title=\"Sources of Lead in Drinking Water (Text Only) | US EPA\" href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/ground-water-and-drinking-water\/sources-lead-drinking-water-text-only?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">US EPA<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0. \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 [6]. (<a title=\"Sources of Lead in Drinking Water (Text Only) | US EPA\" href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/ground-water-and-drinking-water\/sources-lead-drinking-water-text-only?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">US EPA<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10db\u10df\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1. \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 [4,5]. (<a title=\"Microplastics in drinking-water\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications-detail-redirect\/9789241516198?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">World Health Organization<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d7, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d7 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d7 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0, \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7.<\/p>\n<h2>\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0 \u2014 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7<\/h2>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8. \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10e1 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d8 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dc\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>PE100-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8\u10d0 [13\u201316]. (<a title=\"NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE OF GEORGIA\" href=\"https:\/\/www.geostat.ge\/media\/80723\/Survey-of-Water-Supply_Enterprises---%282025%29.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Geostat<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0: \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10eb\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d7\u10e3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d4\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10ee\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d8\u10d6\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0, \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0.<\/p>\n<h2>\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>World Health Organization. <em>Guidelines for drinking-water quality: fourth edition incorporating the first, second and third addenda<\/em>. Geneva: WHO; 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240121225?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. <em>Lead in Drinking Water<\/em>. Washington, DC: EPA; 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/lead\/lead-drinking-water?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>World Health Organization. <em>No safe level: act now to end lead exposure<\/em>. Geneva: WHO; 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/17-10-2025-no-safe-level--act-now-to-end-lead-exposure?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>World Health Organization. <em>Microplastics in drinking-water<\/em>. Geneva: WHO; 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications-detail-redirect\/9789241516198?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>World Health Organization. <em>Dietary and inhalation exposure to nano- and microplastic particles and potential implications for human health<\/em>. Geneva: WHO; 2022. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240054608?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. <em>How can lead get into my drinking water?<\/em> Washington, DC: EPA; 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/lead\/how-can-lead-get-my-drinking-water?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Clark BN, Masters SV, Edwards MA. Lead release to drinking water from galvanized steel pipe coatings. <em>Environmental Engineering Science<\/em>. 2015;32(8):713-721. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/ees.2015.0073?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd<\/a><\/li>\n<li>World Health Organization. <em>Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality: Chemical Fact Sheets<\/em>. Geneva: WHO. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/docs\/default-source\/wash-documents\/wash-chemicals\/gdwq-ch12.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>European Union. <em>Directive (EU) 2020\/2184 on the quality of water intended for human consumption<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=legissum%3A4499769&amp;utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd<\/a><\/li>\n<li>European Commission. <em>Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024\/370<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg_del\/2024\/370?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd<\/a><\/li>\n<li>NSF International. <em>Certified Plumbing Materials \u2013 Potable Water<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/info.nsf.org\/Certified\/Plumbing\/Listings.asp?MaterialType=PE&amp;utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u201e\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 1\u201c. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8; \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0. <a href=\"https:\/\/polimeri1.ge\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10db\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8. <em>Survey of Water Supply Enterprises \u2013 2025<\/em>. \u10d7\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8; 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.geostat.ge\/media\/80723\/Survey-of-Water-Supply_Enterprises---%282025%29.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8. <em>\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/em>. 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/environment.geostat.ge\/ge\/water\/supplyAndLosses?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0. <a href=\"https:\/\/water.gov.ge\/news\/full\/9113?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0. <em>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1<\/em>, \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u211658, 15 \u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 2014. <a href=\"https:\/\/matsne.gov.ge\/ka\/document\/view\/2196792?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10dc\u10d4<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/1Fa6CIkMoMmqzt4hKQBdLcmzDITpRfmmKWbeS7K6THyNe_cHPXTQI8KqpT_jRsHEUryliIKgHdBd5fKaBG2B-_-SGpFWJh8CrT3EKQLoJiYUFDzb0xumI_vazNqHmo6jQJIJjqkKeVN5-1GpHQK4VRVreG3W2NW1CCiu-bpuHd9D303SIklsakA3OtCblboi?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/dj_y-nKR_G6WRvCYSqz7hg1yNI6VYtPUMEKbFonAan7L9oFtA09UFwfxLKFZAfjlVqjBypXj2dSramgamqMIX4u6V_fbpPX2k4SIg5JDIhm1iyFnVzuObh1nj7mORZnAcRQjERvTxidu6CWHbdLxlAdqO2IrgBDeS1-0qGlywkcoXpygRqDqT4IpoaRCE4ew?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/tK5yJy8efe317roV5bCd2Rm9sdEH5673-xWxlyxINnk4wqrpp2p7lh1qnLwjG2xgzQgmYyXhSy_9ApGbNt0h76t9iqoHBFgABEp2YUu-_PMuZ9TU8mOQT3HhrkpKGyOIH07vkF4eIFjkJmlNUpj5JTbXkSAy3N2LAwf36AZdoHOmKLAAV_r33IqZ_FFIcOWz?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u2014 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10db \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da 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